When you touch the screen, the iPad's circuitry detects the
presence of your finger. It keeps track of how many fingers you have on the
screen and where you move them. It also gives the iPad touch the capability of
running apps .
The iPad touch does this using a layer of capacitive material under a protective covering. You can
readHow Capacitors Work to learn more about them, but the basic idea involves taking
advantage of the electrical properties of the human body. When you touch a
capacitive surface, the amount of charge it holds changes. This is why devices
like the iPad touch require you to touch them with your bare skin -- insulating
materials like gloves, pens and styluses don't cause the same changes in the
capacitive circuitry.
There are two possible methods the iPad touch
can use to measure changes in electrical states:
·
Self capacitance: Circuitry monitors changes in an array of electrodes.
·
Mutual capacitance: A layer of driving lines carries current. A separate layer of sensing lines detects changes in the electrical charge when
you place your finger on the screen.
Regardless of which method
the screen uses, you change the electrical properties of the screen every time
you touch it. The iPad records this change as data, and it uses mathematical
algorithms to translate the data into an understanding of where your fingers
are. In the next section, we'll explore what the iPad touch does with this data
and how to navigate through its features.
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