Tuesday, March 20, 2012



Saintpaulia


Saintpaulia, commonly known as African violet, is a genus of 6–20 species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, native to Tanzania and adjacent southeastern Kenya in eastern tropical Africa, with a concentration of species in the Nguru mountains of Tanzania. The genus is most closely related toStreptocarpus, with recent phylogenetic studies suggesting it has evolved directly from subgenus Streptocarpella. The common name was given due to a superficial resemblance to true violets (Viola, family Violaceae). Typically the African violet is a common household indoor plant but can also be an outdoor plant. 
The Saint paulia develops like a perennial herb. The development of the The Saint paulia is Saint paulia isn't an evergreen; during the winter it assumes a bluepurpleredpinkwhite colouring; the adult species are small in size and reach 30 cm in height.
Locate this plant in a partially shady place, where it can receive the sunrays during the coolest hours of the day. For a correct development of the plant we suggest avoiding exposure to late freezings; let's grow it in a covered place, locating it outside only in late spring.Let's avoid exposing apartment plants to direct sunlight, which could damage the leaves, especially during the hottest months of the year. We should prefer a bright position, but with filtered light. 
A little bit history....
The genus is named after Baron Walter von Saint Paul-Illaire (1860–1910), the district commissioner of Tanga province who discovered the plant in Tanganyika (nowTanzania) in Africa in 1892 and sent seeds back to his father, an amateur botanist in Germany. Two British plant enthusiasts, Sir John Kirk and Reverend W.E. Taylor, had earlier collected and submitted specimens to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in 1884 and 1887 respectively, but the quality of specimens was insufficient to permit scientific description at that time. The genus Saintpaulia, and original species S. ionantha, were scientifically described by H. Wendland in 1893.[1]
Saintpaulias grow from 6–15 cm tall and can be anywhere from 6–30 cm wide. The leaves are rounded to oval, 2.5–8.5 cm long with a 2–10 cm petiole, finely hairy, and with a fleshy texture. The flowers are 2–3 cm diameter, with a five-lobed velvety corolla ("petals"), and grow in clusters of 3–10 or more on slender stalks (peduncles). Flower colour in the wild species can be violet, purple, pale blue, or white.
Several of the species and subspecies are endangered, and many more are threatened, due to clearance of their native cloud forest habitat for agriculture.
Revisions of the genus by B.L. Burtt had expanded the genus to approximately 20 species. On the basis of recent studies that showed most of the species to be very poorly differentiated, both genetically and morphologically, the number of species has been reduced to six, with the majority of former species reduced to subspecies underS. ionantha, in a recent floristic treatment.[2] The most recent taxonomic treatment from 2009 recognises 9 species, 8 subspecies and 2 varieties.[3]

Cultivation

Saintpaulias are widely cultivated as house plants. Until recently, only a few of these species have been used in breeding programs for the hybrids available in the market; most available as house plants are cultivars derived from Saintpaulia ionantha (syn. S. kewensis). A wider range of species is now being looked at as sources of genes to introduce into modern cultivars. 
The iPad touch Screen input






 When you touch the screen, the iPad's circuitry detects the presence of your finger. It keeps track of how many fingers you have on the screen and where you move them. It also gives the iPad touch the capability of running apps .
The iPad touch does this using a layer of capacitive material under a protective covering. You can readHow Capacitors Work to learn more about them, but the basic idea involves taking advantage of the electrical properties of the human body. When you touch a capacitive surface, the amount of charge it holds changes. This is why devices like the iPad touch require you to touch them with your bare skin -- insulating materials like gloves, pens and styluses don't cause the same changes in the capacitive circuitry.
There are two possible methods the iPad touch can use to measure changes in electrical states:
·         Self capacitance: Circuitry monitors changes in an array of electrodes.
·         Mutual capacitance: A layer of driving lines carries current. A separate layer of sensing lines detects changes in the electrical charge when you place your finger on the screen.
Regardless of which method the screen uses, you change the electrical properties of the screen every time you touch it. The iPad records this change as data, and it uses mathematical algorithms to translate the data into an understanding of where your fingers are. In the next section, we'll explore what the iPad touch does with this data and how to navigate through its features.






The iPad touch Screen output


It serves primarily as a platform for audio-visual media including books, periodicals, movies, music, games, presentations and web content, and is available in black or white. 



The iPad  can be connected with the tv, computer, pc keyboard, digital camera etc.